Tarek, if you haven't already, you might want to review the ABS Rules for building and classing underwater vehicles, systems and hyperbaric facilities (2018). If you don't have a copy, you can download it for free from eagle.org<br><br>The rules governing ambient pressure subs are covered in section 13.  Granted, PSub builders may not be able to comply with everything due to both pragmatic and cost considerations, but as a community standard, we should attempt comply to the extent possible, and be aware of all of the areas in which you don't.<br><br>Sean<br><br><br>-------- Original Message --------<br>On Feb 17, 2018, 03:41, Tarek Harb via Personal_Submersibles < personal_submersibles@psubs.org> wrote:<blockquote class="protonmail_quote"><br><html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)"><!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body><div class="WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">Dear guys,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">I would like to share with you my initial plan for the Dry Ambient sub I am building.  I would love to hear any suggestions or comments about my calculations.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">The Dimensions of the Dry Cock pit is: width = 0.7 m, Length = 1.6 m, and Height = 0.85 m.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">This will give a total volume of: 0.952 m3.  The Cock pit will produce an upward Buoyant force of about 950 kg (I do understand that kg is not a unit of force, but I do this for sake of clarity).   <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">The total Mass of the Sub is around 850 Kg.  So in order to make sure that the sub dive, its weight (or mass) has to be heavier than the Buoyant force produced by the <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">Cock pit, so I will add about 100 kg of Lead to compensate.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">I did the calculations of the Center of Gravity and the Center of Buoyancy, from which I obtained the MetaCentric height.  <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">this calculations indicated that the design will keep the sub at a stable condition on surface and while descending, which is very important and critical.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">I can provide this calculations later on if anyone interested.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">Here is a rough diagram indicating the thoughts so far<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:16.0pt">On surface<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f">
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" v:shapes="Rectangle_x0020_2 _x0000_s1050"></td></tr><tr><td height="33"></td></tr></tbody></table><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><br style="mso-ignore:vglayout" clear="ALL"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">                        Weight of all sub = 950 Kg<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">1= Cock Pit. Volume is 0.95 m3.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">2= Main Ballast Tanks.  Volume is 0.95 m3, this will give an upward force of 950 kg assuming that the density of water is 1000 Kg/m3.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">3. Trim Ballast Tanks<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">FB= Buoyant force = both forces will add up to cancel the weight of the sub.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">At this stage all the Ballast tanks are empty and full of air.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Straight_x0020_Arrow_x0020_Connector_x0020_44" o:spid="_x0000_s1047" type="#_x0000_t75" style='position:absolute;margin-left:91.65pt;margin-top:12.5pt;width:7.55pt;height:92.25pt;z-index:251707392;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text'>
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<v:imagedata src="cid:image027.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" o:title="" />
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="f" />
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<v:imagedata src="cid:image028.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" o:title="" />
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="f" />
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<v:imagedata src="cid:image021.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" o:title="" />
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="f" />
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<v:imagedata src="cid:image029.emz@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" o:title="" />
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:251692032;margin-left:176px;margin-top:20px;width:30px;height:37px"><img width="30" height="37" src="cid:image030.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" alt="3

" v:shapes="_x0000_s1043"></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1042" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="3 " style='position:absolute;margin-left:22.4pt;margin-top:15.9pt;width:21pt;height:28.5pt;z-index:251691008;visibility:visible;mso-width-percent:0;mso-height-percent:0;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text;mso-width-percent:0;mso-height-percent:0;mso-width-relative:margin;mso-height-relative:margin'>
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<v:imagedata src="cid:image018.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" o:title="" />
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="f" />
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<v:imagedata src="cid:image035.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" o:title="" />
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="f" />
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<v:imagedata src="cid:image036.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" o:title="" />
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="f" />
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" v:shapes="Rectangle_x0020_27 _x0000_s1039"></td></tr><tr><td height="76"></td><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><img width="62" height="104" src="cid:image038.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" alt="2

" v:shapes="Rectangle_x0020_26 _x0000_s1038"></td></tr><tr><td height="28"></td></tr></tbody></table><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><br style="mso-ignore:vglayout" clear="ALL"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">                       Weight = 950 Kg<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">At this stage, the Buoyant Force from the Pit + the Buoyant force from the Trim Tanks will equate the downward weight of the sub.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">The Main Ballast Tanks are full as the blue color indicates.  Since they are full, they will not contribute to give upward force. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Straight_x0020_Arrow_x0020_Connector_x0020_43" o:spid="_x0000_s1035" type="#_x0000_t75" style='position:absolute;margin-left:90.3pt;margin-top:14.4pt;width:6.75pt;height:114.75pt;z-index:251706368;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text'>
<v:imagedata src="cid:image039.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" o:title="" />
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="f" />
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<v:imagedata src="cid:image040.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" o:title="" />
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="f" />
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="mso-ignore:vglayout"></span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td width="14" height="7"></td><td width="62"></td><td width="70"></td><td width="62"></td></tr><tr><td height="4"></td><td colspan="2"></td><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><img width="62" height="80" src="cid:image037.png@01D3A7EC.B2830DD0" alt="2

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" v:shapes="Rectangle_x0020_41 _x0000_s1028"></td></tr><tr><td height="28"></td></tr></tbody></table><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><br style="mso-ignore:vglayout" clear="ALL"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">                       Weight = 950 Kg<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">Underwater, the Buoyant Force from the pit will equate the downward weight of the sub, and it will maneuver using the Motors.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">At a final note, the cockpit will have an exit hole at the bottom.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">regards<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></body></html></div>